Potential of natural senolytic compounds in eliminating senescent cells and alleviating age-related skin deterioration: a narrative review

Ramirez, Gabriel Athayde1; Viel, Tania Araujo1,2,*

1Biotechnology Undergraduate Course, School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

2Laboratory of Neuropharmacology of Aging, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

*Correspondence to: Tania Araujo Viel, MSC, PhD, taniaviel@usp.br.

Abstract

Cellular senescence is one of the entirely accepted biological theories for the aging process. It is related to physiological limitations of damaged cells, proliferation, and some diseases in old adults. This review explores the mechanisms underlying skin aging, emphasizing the role of cellular senescence and its impact on dermal health, focusing on the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its contribution to systemic inflammation, cancer development, and age-related diseases. The effects of ultraviolet-induced cellular senescence in carcinogenesis are addressed, relating the oxidative damage caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation with the premature acquisition of senescent-like characteristics in cells that ultimately lead to photocarcinogenesis. In addition, this review highlights the potential of natural senolytic compounds for developing novel treatment options for age-related diseases in the skin. In vitro research has shown promising results for some natural compounds applied to treating skin diseases together with nanocarriers that can better deliver these compounds. However, many aspects of their use in vivo are still unknown. Future research on describing the natural compound’s interactions on an organism and efficient nanocarriers is still needed if these products are ever to be of use in the research of new senolytic formulations.

天然抗衰老化合物在对抗细胞衰老和缓解与年龄有关皮肤衰老方面的潜力：叙述性综述

摘要

细胞衰老是公认的衰老过程生物学理论之一。它与受损细胞的生理限制、增殖以及老年人的一些疾病有关。这篇综述探讨了皮肤衰老的内在机制，强调了细胞衰老的作用及其对皮肤健康的影响，重点是衰老相关分泌表型（SASP）及其对全身炎症、癌症发展和老年相关疾病的贡献。此综述探讨了紫外线诱导的细胞衰老在致癌过程中的影响，将长期暴露于紫外线辐射所造成的氧化损伤与细胞过早获得衰老样特征联系起来，最终导致皮肤癌。此外，这篇综述还强调了天然衰老分解化合物在开发治疗皮肤衰老相关疾病的新方法方面的潜力。体外研究表明，一些天然化合物与能更好地传递这些化合物的纳米载体一起应用于治疗皮肤病的效果很好。然而，它们在体内使用的许多方面仍然未知。如果要将这些产品用于研究新的抗衰老配方，还需要对天然化合物与生物体和高效纳米载体之间的相互作用进行进一步的研究。