Artificial intelligence in cellular senescence research: a narrative review

Lee, Calvinique1,#; Yaganapu, Avinash2,#; Singam, Amarnath3; Fikru, Stephanos2; Rahmani, Reza3; Zheng, Jennifer4; Kang, Mingon2,*; Park, Seungman1,3,*

1Interdisciplinary Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA

2Department of Computer Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA

3Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA

4School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA

*Correspondence to: Seungman Park, PhD, seungman.park@unlv.edu; Mingon Kang, PhD, mingon.kang@unlv.edu.

#Both authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.

Abstract

Cellular senescence, an irreversible cell cycle arrest and a hallmark of aging, has garnered increasing attention as a potential therapeutic target. However, detecting senescent cells remains challenging due to their heterogeneous characteristics, which vary depending on cell type and the type of stressor. Recent advances in artificial intelligence have powered the accurate identification of senescent cells and the quantification of cellular senescence across various imaging systems. In this review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the current applications of artificial intelligence in cellular senescence research. We first describe cellular senescence from multiple perspectives, including its hallmarks, underlying mechanisms, and associated benefits and drawbacks. We then discuss the current state of artificial intelligence-driven cellular senescence research in detecting and scoring cellular senescence. Furthermore, we provide insights into its progress, challenges, and future directions.

人工智能在细胞衰老研究中的应用：叙述性综述

摘要

细胞衰老，一种不可逆的细胞周期 arrest 和衰老的标志，作为潜在的治疗靶点引起了越来越多的关注。然而，由于衰老细胞具有异质性特征，且其特征会因细胞类型和应激类型而异，因此检测衰老细胞仍面临挑战。近年来，人工智能的进步推动了在各种成像系统中对衰老细胞的准确识别和细胞衰老的定量分析。文章对当前人工智能在细胞衰老研究中的应用进行了全面综述。首先，文章从多个角度描述细胞衰老，包括其特征、潜在机制以及相关优势与局限性。随后，讨论了基于AI的细胞衰老研究在检测和评估细胞衰老方面的最新进展。此外，还探讨了该领域的发展进程、面临的挑战及未来方向。